Stroke (Acute Ischemic & Hemorrhagic)

An ischemic stroke occurs when a blood vessel supplying the brain becomes blocked, cutting off essential oxygen and nutrients. This blockage can result from a clot formed within an artery or one that travels from elsewhere in the body. Brain cells begin to die within minutes, making rapid treatment absolutely critical. Early recognition, emergency imaging, and timely intervention dramatically improve survival, minimize long-term disability, and restore neurological function. Modern treatments like thrombectomy have revolutionized stroke recovery outcomes.

Stroke symptoms begin suddenly, often without warning, and may include facial drooping, arm weakness, slurred speech, confusion, vision disturbances, imbalance, or severe headache. These signs reflect rapidly progressing brain damage and demand immediate medical attention. Using the FAST principle—Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to act—can save precious minutes. Even if symptoms resolve temporarily, urgent evaluation is essential because transient ischemic attacks may precede major strokes. Early response significantly improves treatment options and long-term recovery.

Diagnosis involves rapid CT scan, CT angiography, or MRI to identify blocked vessels and assess brain damage. For eligible patients, clot-busting medication (IV thrombolysis) is used within specific time windows to dissolve the clot. For large artery blockages, mechanical thrombectomy—an advanced minimally invasive procedure—removes the clot directly using catheters guided through blood vessels. This treatment restores blood flow quickly, significantly improves recovery, and is effective even several hours after symptom onset. Individualized care ensures optimal neurological outcomes.